What are trans fats associated with in terms of health risks?

Trans fats are primarily linked to significant health risks, particularly for cardiovascular health. They are known to contribute to heart disease and have adverse effects on cholesterol levels. Trans fats raise low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, often referred to as "bad" cholesterol, while simultaneously lowering high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, known as "good" cholesterol. This imbalance can lead to the buildup of arterial plaque, increasing the risk of heart attacks and strokes.

In contrast, the other options imply benefits or improvements in health, which are not associated with trans fats. Weight loss and improved digestion, enhanced energy metabolism, lower blood pressure, reduced inflammation, and improved joint health are not effects attributed to the consumption of trans fats. Instead, trans fats are linked to negative health outcomes, reinforcing the understanding that their consumption should be minimized or avoided for better overall health.